For nearly 40 years Australia has allowed the use of assisted reproductive technology (ART), in-vitro fertilisation (IVF), and embryo transfer (ET) to help heterosexual couples overcome infertility to have their own biologically related child. Around 15 years ago, the demand for children from same-sex couples and from single people led to fertility clinics using third-party human reproductive technology (HRT) and surrogacy. In mid-November 2017, the changes to the federal Marriage Act that rede…